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Bullock cart

cart made up of wood and driven by bullocks

A bullock cart or ox cart is a two-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle pulled by oxen (draught cattle). It is a means of transportation used since ancient times in many parts of the world. They are still used today where modern vehicles are too expensive or the infrastructure does not favor them.

...it is a means of transportation used since ancient times in many parts of the world...


CONTENT : A - F , G - L , M - R , S - Z , See also , External links

Quotes

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A - F

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Now 90 per cent of our ploughing is done by bullock-drawn ploughs. Hence it is quite impossible to switch over from bullocks to tractors. Even today there are about two crores of bullock ploughs and one and a half crores of bullock carts. - K. S. Bharathi
  • Now 90 per cent of our ploughing is done by bullock-drawn ploughs. Hence it is quite impossible to switch over from bullocks to tractors. Even today there are about two crores of bullock ploughs and one and a half crores of bullock carts.
 
In the Indus Valley culture slow moving bullock carts were also common because many models of such a cart have been found....
  • In the Indus Valley culture slow moving bullock carts were also common because many models of such a cart have been found. It is significant to note that there is very little difference between the bullock cart of today and that of the Indus Valley culture. Even today the same kind of bullock cart plies in Sindh as 4000 years back.
  • ...he [Gandhi] opposed a scheme for developing rubber-|tyres to be fitted on bullock-carts, arguing, somewhat implausibly, that this would not make things easier for the villagers but on the contrary would increase their requirements, make them dependent on others and provide yet another means od exploitation.
 
There may still be more bullock carts in rural India than bicycles; there surely are still infinitely more bullock carts than there are small tractors. But what powers India's Green Revolution, what has given the subcontinent a food surplus ...
  • Along with the masses of labourers flocking to Agra once news of its [Taj Mahal] inception spread, materials for the construction had also begun arriving; red sand stone from local quarries in Fatehpur Sikri and marble dug from the hills of far-off Marana in Rajasthan. In order to transport the marble, a ten-mile long ramp of tampered earth was built through Agra on which an unending parade of thousand elephants and bullock carts continually dragged the blocks of marble to the building site.

G - L

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Feroze Gandhi also laid stress on the encouragement to be given to the bullock carts for transportation of goods. He said that, even in the atomic age, bullock carts are useful as a means of transport...
  • Feroze Gandhi also laid stress on the encouragement to be given to the bullock carts for transportation of goods. He said that, even in the atomic age, bullock carts are useful as a means of transport. There were more than one crore bullock carts and they carried more than the railways did. … bullock cart covered 17.5 miles in 15 hours.
 
Ten million refugees were on the move, on foot, on bullock cart, and by train, sometimes traveling under army escort and other times trusting to fate and their respective gods. Jawaharlal Nehru flew over one refugee convoy which comprised 100,000 people and stretched for ten miles. - Ramachandra Guha.
 
A long row of bullock carts was making its way lazily along a broad road between villages, fields and forests. This was a caravan of traders taking goods from Pataliputra to the sea ports on the west coast, and they were traveling on the famous highway called Dakshinapatha, the southern road... -Subhadra Sen Gupta
  • They are medieval because of Gandhi's insistence on the bullock-cart economy, undermining the importance of scientific and technological development. Such remarks are uncharitable not only to Gandhi but to India and her cultural heritage. Gandhi was a practical idealist. He knew the needs of the country and also the resources it had. In fact India does not need the type of mechanical industries and large scale industries which lead to a World War II. Gandhiji’s bullock-cart economy is more conducive to human welfare than the modern atom bomb economy.
  • Before the Second World War the number of bullock carts in our country [India] was roughly estimated at about 9 million. After Independence [1947] a small percentage of this number was shared by Pakistan. Still the number of bullock carts is fairly large, because as a result of an improvement in their economic condition even those who formerly did not possess bullock carts come to have their own.
 
Animal drawn carts, especially bullock carts, are the oldest mode of transportation, existing in India and in few other countries since the past unknown. About 15 million bullock carts exist in India. Statistic shows that number of bullock carts has not reduced in last 30 years, belying the popular concept that bullock carts will disappear with the development of society...
  • Animal drawn carts, especially bullock carts, are the oldest mode of transportation, existing in India and in few other countries since the past unknown. About 15 million bullock carts exist in India. Statistic shows that number of bullock carts has not reduced in last 30 years, belying the popular concept that bullock carts will disappear with the development of society. Reasons are many. The fact is that still in India, bullock carts are the most important mode of transportation in many parts of rural India. Unfortunately, the technology of the carts has not been improved. The conventional bullock carts are made of wooden wheels and bamboo/wooden load carrier (known as platform). More than 80% bullock carts are of conventional type. Only a few number of carts has been partially converted to metallic (which can not be termed as ‘improved’). As this mode of transportation will exist in India, there is need for the improvement of the technology.
  • Kim marked down a gaily ornamented ruth or family bullock cart, with a broidered canopy of two domes, like a double humped camel, which had just been drawn into the par. Eight men made its retinue and two of eight were armed with rusty sabres, sure signs they followed a person of distinction, for the common folk do not bear arms.

M - R

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Computer generated drawing of the Bullock cart - Product design needs to reflect the challenges of the local environment and the demands of the local culture and religion. When you're looking for creative solutions to these needs, sometimes a bullock cart is better than an automobile.
  • The town of Sarchi in the central plateau is known for its highly decorated bullock carts (carretas), … These carts]] are uniquely Costa Rican handicrafts and can be exquisitely detailed and brightly colored. Believe it or not, in the olden days such fancy carts were used by everyday farmers, who still take pride in their beautiful carts. The genuine antique carts from the town of Sarchi are treasured and can be quite expensive.
  • The poor are almost fashionable. And this idea of Intermediate technology has become an aspect of that fashion. The cult in India centres on bullock cart Intermediate technology. The bullock cart is not to be eliminated; after three thousand or more of backward years Intermediate technology will now improve the bullock cart. ‘Do you know’ someone said to me in Delhi that investment in bullock carts is equivalent to that in the Railways.... Under the Intermediate technology improvements such as Metal axles, bearings, rubber tyres? But wouldn't that make the carts even more expensive? Wouldn't it take generations, and a lot of money, to introduce those improvements.
 
For long, animal activists have been fighting to stop bullock cart races which often leave the animals in pain and distress. The apex court also set aside the judgment of the Madurai High Court of 9 March 2007 and upheld the 12 March 12012, judgment of the Bombay High Court banning bullock cart races.
  • For long, animal activists have been fighting to stop bullock cart races which often leave the animals in pain and distress. The apex court also set aside the judgment of the Madurai High Court of 9 March 2007 and upheld the 12 March 12012, judgment of the Bombay High Court banning bullock cart races.
    • Aditi Pai in: "Animal lovers hail Supreme Court's ruling to ban bullock cart race"

S - Z

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India had launched [in 1977] a project to redesign and modernise its bullock cart, the country's chief transport system after the railways. In response to a call from India's Prime Minister, scientists in at least four national institutes worked on improving the cart whose design had hardly changed since the Mohanjadaro Civilization (3000-2000BC).
  • Man leads these leafless branches
    On a bullock cart
    Like relatives arranging
    Logs on a corpse
    Man removes the bullock’s harness
    And places some green grass before it
    The bullock cannot form an idea
    Of the load while pulling the cart
    Its veins get strained and stretched
    And it stops to stare
    At people
    Carrying axes
    On their shoulders.
 
Bullock carts, one of the earliest and most popular modes of transport in the 19th and early 20th century Singapore. They were used for a variety of purposes, such as travelling and transportation of goods. They were phased out slowly with rising levels of traffic and the advent of mechanised transport from 1867 onwards.
  • In Malay, is a road in Chinatown which draws its name from the bullock and ox carts that used to ply this road carrying water for the early inhabitants of Singapore.
  • Bullock-carts piled high with pitiful chattels, cattle being driven alongside. Women with babies in their arms and wretched little tin trunks on their heads. Twenty thousand men, women and children [Refugees during the India's partition] trekking into the promised land - not because it is the promised land.
  • As I told you, Ganapathi, I know a great deal about a great deal. Like India herself, I am at home in hovels and palaces, Ganapathi, I trundle in bullock-carts and propel myself into space. I read the vedas and quote the laws of cricket.
 
The tradition of painting and decorating oxcarts started in the early twentieth century. Originally, each region of Costa Rica had its own particular design, enabling the identification of the driver’s origin by the painted patterns on the wheels. - Unesco.
 
World's Largest Oxcart,a national symbol of Costa Rica - The carretas remain strong symbols of Costa Rica’s rural past, and still feature prominently in parades and in religious and secular celebrations.
  • The tradition of painting and decorating oxcarts started in the early twentieth century. Originally, each region of Rica had its own particular design, enabling the identification of the driver’s origin by the painted patterns on the wheels.
    • Unesco in: "Oxherding and oxcart traditions in Costa Rica"
  • Each oxcart is designed to make its own ’song’, a unique chime produced by a metal ring striking the hubnut of the wheel as the cart bumped along. Once the oxcart had become a source of individual pride, greater care was taken in their construction, and the highest-quality woods were selected to make the best sounds.
    • Unesco in: "Oxherding and oxcart traditions in Costa Rica"
 
The Little Lady Of The Bullock Cart:
Now is the time when India is gay
With wedding parties; and the radiant throngs
Seem like a scattered rainbow taking part
In human pleasures....
  • The Little Lady Of The Bullock Cart:
    Now is the time when India is gay
    With wedding parties; and the radiant throngs
    Seem like a scattered rainbow taking part
    In human pleasures. Dressed in bright array,
    They fling upon the bride their wreaths of songs-
    The Little Lady of the Bullock Cart.
    Here is the temple ready for the rite:
    The large-eyed bullocks halt; and waiting arms
    Lift down the bride. All India's curious art
    Speaks in the gems with which she is bedight,
    Ad in the robes which hide her sweet alarms-
    The Little Lady of the Bullock Cart.
    This is her day of days: her splendid hour
    When joy is hers, though love is all unknown.
    It has not dawned upon her childish heart.
    But human triumph, in a temporal power,
    Has crowned her queen upon a one-day throne-
    The Little Lady of the Bullock Cart.
    Ah, Little Lady! What will be your fate?
    So long, so long, the outward-reaching years:
    So brief the joy of this elusive part;
    So frail the shoulders for the loads that wait:
    So bitter salt the virgin widow's tears-
    O Little Lady of the Bullock Cart.
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