Nigger (racial slur)
racial slur towards/against black people
In the English language, nigger is a racial slur directed at black people. In the United States, the term was historically applied to enslaved African Americans and has recently been partially reappropriated by some of their descendants as nigga
United States
edit18th and 19th centuries
edit- Nigger in the woodpile.
- Anonymous (1840–1850)
- I jumped aboard de telegraph,
And trabbled down de riber,
De lectric fluid magnified,
And killed five hundred nigger.- Stephen Foster, "Oh! Susanna" (1848); often bowdlerised as 'chigger'
- Wid eyes erect, and head hanging down,
Like de sprightly hare before de hound,
Dis nigger streak it through the pasture,
Nigger run fast, white man run faster.- "Run, Nigger, Run", st. 2, in White's Serenaders' Song Book (1851)
- Eena, meena, mina, mo,
Catch a nigger by his toe;
If he squeals let him go,
Eena, meena, mina, mo.- American variant of "Eeny, meeny, miny, moe" (c. 1850s), reported in The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (1951)
- Our nig, our nig!
- Harriet E. Wilson, Our Nig (1859), Ch. III
- Saucy, impudent nigger, you!
- Harriet E. Wilson, Our Nig (1859), Ch. VI
- O some tell me that a nigger won't steal,
But I've seen a nigger in my corn-field;
O run, nigger, run, for the patrol will catch you,
O run, nigger, run, for 'tis almost day.- "Run, Nigger, Run", st. 1, in Slave Songs of the United States (1867)
- Ten little nigger boys went out to dine;
One choked his little self, and then there were nine...One little nigger boy living all alone;
He got married, and then there were none.- Frank J. Green, "Ten Little Niggers" (1869), adapting "Ten Little Indians" (1868)
- It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigger—but I done it, and I warn't ever sorry for it afterwards, neither.
- Mark Twain, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Ch. XV, spoken by Huck
- Give a nigger an inch and he’ll take an ell.
- Mark Twain, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Ch. XVI, an "old saying" quoted by Huck
20th century
edit- Things at the White House
Looking mighty curious,
Niggers running everywhere,
White people furious.- Anonymous, "Niggers in the White House" (1901), sts. 1–10
- See Booker T. Washington and Teddy Roosevelt
- AFRICAN, n. A nigger that votes our way.
- Ambrose Bierce, The Devil's Dictionary (1911)
- I noticed that among this class of colored men the word "nigger" was freely used in about the same sense as the word "fellow," and sometimes as a term of almost endearment; but I soon learned that its use was positively and absolutely prohibited to white men.
- James Weldon Johnson (anonymously), The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912), Ch. VI; see nigga
- Negro went to heaven by land. Went there an' knocked on the door. St. Peter come to the do', say,"Who is that?" Nigger say, "This is me." St. Peter say, "You ridin' or walkin'?" Nigger says, "I'm walkin'." St. Peter says, "Well, you can't get in here les'n you're ridin'." Nigger left; come on back down the road about five miles, meets up wid a white man. Say, "Mr. White Man, where you goin'" White man say "I'm goin' to heaven." Nigger say, "You can't git in dere walkin'. I just left dere." Nigger say, "I'll tell you a way we'll get in dere." Nigger say, "Let me be your horse an' you get straddle me an' I'll go ridin' an' carry you up to heaven; an' you knock on de gate an' Salt Peter ask you who you is an' you tell him it's you, an' he gonna say, 'Bof you all come on in.'" White Man says, "All right, get down." White Man straddles the nigger, nigger goes runnin' back up to heaven wid him. Rode him right up to de door. White man knocks on de do'. St. Peter say, "Who is dere?" White Man say, "Dis is me." St. Peter say, "You ridin' or walkin'?" White Man says, "Yes." St. Peter says, "Hitch your damn horse outside an' come on in."
- "Horse Stay Outside", folk tale from Natchez, Mississippi; reported in Arthur Huff Fauset, "Negro Folk Tales from the South (Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana)", The Journal of American Folklore, vol. 40, no. 157 (1927), p. 274
- “Othello with his occupation gone,” she teased.
“Othello was a nigger,” I said.- Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms (1929), Ch. XXXV
- In the Deep South, you are dealing with a sheriff or a landlord or a landlady or a girl of the Western Union desk, and she doesn't know quite who she's dealing with—by which I mean, that if you're not a part of the town, and if you are a "Northern Nigger", it shows in millions of ways. So she simply knows that it's an unknown quantity, and she wants to have nothing to do with it. Because she won't talk to you, you have to wait for a while to get your telegram. Okay, we all know this. We've been through it, and by the time you get to be a man, it's very easy to deal with.
- James Baldwin, debating William F. Buckley Jr. at the Cambridge Union on the subject "Has the American Dream Been Achieved at the Expense of the American Negro?", televised by NET (1965)
- Then I come down to Houston, I went to a bowling alley. I couldn't go bowling, there were no bowling balls. The people here throw 'em all in the sea, thought they were nigger eggs... thought they were nigger eggs.
- Kinky Friedman, from a 1980 tape, as reported on the Burnt Orange Report, an Austin-based Democratic blog, in September 2006; quoted in Texas Weekly, vol. 23, no. 13 (18 September 2006), Online
- When I was in Africa, this voice came to me and said, "Richard, what do you see?" I said, "I see all types of people." The voice said, "But do you see any niggers?" I said, "No." It said, "Do you know why? 'Cause there aren't any." And it hit me like a shot, man. I started crying and shit. … And it made me say, "Oh my God, I've been wrong. I've been wrong. I've got to regroup my shit." I said, "I ain't gonna never call another black man a nigger." … I don't like it when black people say it to me. I really don't no more.
- Richard Pryor, in Live at the Sunset Strip (1982)
- Blacks stayed at home during the civil rights march. Niggers are the ones that marched.... A nigger is one like Hosea Williams. He wants to come up here and cause trouble.
- Unnamed Forsyth resident, quoted on The Oprah Winfrey Show (February 9, 1987); reported in Kitty Kelley, Oprah: A Biography (New York, NY: Crown, 2010), p. 193
- See 1987 Forsyth County protests
- You fuckin' guys are acting like a bunch of fuckin' niggers! You work with niggers, huh? Just like you two, always sayin' they're gonna kill each other.
- Reservoir Dogs (1990), spoken by Mr. Pink (Steve Buscemi)
- When you came pullin' in here, did you notice a sign on the front of of my house that said "Dead Nigger Storage"?
- Pulp Fiction (1994), spoken by Jimmie (Quentin Tarantino)
- The prosecutor, his voice trembling, added that the "N-word" was so vile he would not utter it. "It's the filthiest, dirtiest, nastiest word in the English language."
- Christopher Darden, during the murder trial of O. J. Simpson, reported by Kenneth B. Noble in The New York Times (January 14, 1995)
- There's black people, and there's niggers. And niggers have got to go. Every time black people wanna have a good time, ign'ant-ass niggers fuck it up.
- Chris Rock, Chris Rock: Bring the Pain (1996)
21st century
edit- Oraetta Mayflower: There's a word for people like you.
Ethelrida Pearl Smutny: No. That's your word. You invented it to make yourself feel bigger. But that's not what I am.- Fargo, E7: "Happy" (November 22, 2020)
- Oraetta Mayflower as interpreted by Jessie Buckley and Ethelrida Pearl Smutny as interpreted by E'myri Crutchfield; written by Noah Hawley
- If the slur is mentioned in key court decisions, it should not be taboo in law schools.
- Randall Kennedy and Eugene Volokh, "The case for quoting the n-word in university classrooms", The Washington Post (13 May 2021), Online
Outside the United States
editEarly use
edit- It is a common saieng; A lion feareth no bugs. But in our childhood our mothers maids have so terrified us with an ouglie divell having hornes on his head, fier in his mouth, and a taile in his breech, eies like a bason, fanges like a dog, clawes like a beare, a skin like a Niger, and a voice roring like a lion, [...] that we are afraid of our owne shadowes.
- Reginald Scot, The Discoverie of Witches (1584), Ch. 15
- She is a foole, that dare not wash her face, because she would not have her husband thinke she paints it so she is a nigger, that dare not laugh, least her husbande shoulde thinke shee is lascivious.
- Francis Meres, Palladis Tamia (London: P. Short, for Cuthbert Burbie, 1598), p. 131; adapting Plutarch, Moralia, Conjugalia Praecepta, 29
19th century
edit- He never lost his appetite —
He bigger grew and bigger;
And proved, with every inch of height,
A nigger is a nigger.- Henry Kendall, “My Piccaninny”, in The Australian Town and Country Journal (19 June 1880), p. 28, col. 4
- The lady who dyes a chemical yellow,
Or stains her grey hair puce,
Or pinches her figger,
Is blacked like a nigger
With permanent walnut juice.- W. S. Gilbert, The Mikado (1885), act II
- The nigger was calm, cool, towering, superb.
- Joseph Conrad, The Nigger of the "Narcissus" (1897), Ch. 1
- The titular character, James Wait, is a West Indian black sailor aboard the merchant ship Narcissus sailing from Bombay to London.
20th century
edit- Oh, plain black's best for a nigger.
- Rudyard Kipling, "How the Leopard Got His Spots", in Just So Stories (1902)
- The Ethiopian tells the Leopard why he does not want spots.
- The sun has got his hat on and he's coming out today.
He's been tanning niggers out in Timbuktu;
Now he's coming back to do the same to you.- Noel Gay and Ralph Butler, "The Sun Has Got His Hat On" (1932)
- You wouldn't believe it now, but I've had forty niggers under me, doing what I told them to.
- Graham Greene, "The Basement Room" (1935)
- Down amongst the bushes she worked like a nigger.
- Virginia Woolf, Between the Acts (1941)
21st century
edit- You are not even a nigger, you are an African.
- Hotel Rwanda (2004), spoken by Colonel Oliver (Nick Nolte)
See also
editExternal links
edit- Encyclopedic article on Nigger on Wikipedia