Mandala 3

third mandala of the Rigveda

The third Mandala of the Rigveda has 62 hymns, mainly to Agni and Indra. It is one of the "family books", the oldest core of the Rigveda, which were composed in early Vedic period. Most hymns in this book are attributed to viśvāmitra gāthinaḥ. The verse 3.62.10 gained great importance in Hinduism as the Gayatri Mantra.

Your ancient home, your auspicious friendship, O Heroes, your wealth is on the banks of the Jahnavi. ~ Rigveda

Quotes

edit
  • I have made Indra glorified by these two, heaven and earth, and this prayer of Viśvāmitra protects the people of Bhārata.
    • Rgveda 3.53.12
  • Elsewhere, after smiting the Dasyus, he 'gained possession of the sun and horses ... [and] the cow that feeds many (3.34.9).
    • Destroying the Dasyus, he “gained possession of the sun and horses [...] and the cow of plenty” (3.34.9).
    • M Danino in History of ancient India / editors, Dilip K. Chakrabarti and Makkhan Lal. v. 3. The texts, political history and administration, till c. 200 BC. I.2. The Horse and the Aryan Debate
  • Among the Kikatas what do thy cattle? They pour no milky draught, they heat no caldron.
    Bring thou to us the wealth of Pramaganda;give up to us, O Maghavan, the low-born.
    • Rigveda 3.53.14, Griffith tr.
  • Your ancient home, your auspicious friendship, O Heroes, your wealth is on the banks of the Jahnavi.
    • Rigveda III.58.6. Jahnavi is another name for Ganges in Sanskrit literature and occurs also in Rigveda I.116.19, where it is associated with the Simsumara (I.116.18) [Gangetic river dolphin]. However, Griffith translated it as “the house of Jahnu”. As quoted from Talageri, S. (2000). The Rigveda: A historical analysis. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. Chapter 4.
  • Come forward, Kuśikas, and be attentive; let loose Sudās's horse to win him riches. East, west, and north, let the King slay the foeman, then at earth's choicest place perform his worship.
    • Rigveda 3.53.11
  • Impelled by Indra … you-two [rivers] ‘like chariot- horses go to the sea.
    • Rigveda III 33, 2: quoted in Kazanas, N. (2009). Indo-Aryan origins and other Vedic issues. Aditya Prakashan. ch. 5 Samudra in the Rgveda

Gayatri Mantra

edit
Devanagari Translation

ॐ भूर्भुवः॒ स्वः ।
तत्स॑वितुर्वरे॑ण्यं ।
भ॒र्गो॑ दे॒वस्य॑ धीमहि। ।
धियो॒ यो नः॑ प्रचो॒दया॑त्॥ ।

General meaning:
We meditate on that most adored Supreme Lord,
the creator, whose effulgence (divine light) illumines
all realms (physical, mental and spiritual).
May this divine light illumine our intellect.

Gayatri Mantra
Om Bhur Bhuvaḥ Swaḥ
Tat-savitur Vareñyaṃ
Bhargo Devasya Dhīmahi
Dhiyo Yonaḥ Prachodayāt
Rigveda 3.62.10[11]

edit
 
Wikipedia
Wikipedia has an article about: