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File:The Wizard of Oz Ray Bolger 1939.jpg

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Summary

Description Publicity photo of American entertainer, Ray Bolger promoting his role as the Scarecrow in the 1939 feature film, The Wizard of Oz.
Date Image is presumed to have been originally authored circa 1939.
Earliest date stamp on first photo is October 30, 1956.
Earliest date on second photo is November 12, 1956.
Source eBay item #1 photo front photo back
eBay item #2 photo front photo back
Author It is unclear as to whether the press-materials were distributed by a personal publicity agency representing the subject, or if they were distributed by an agency employed to publicize the film, and/or the first CBS television broadcast of the film, which aired on November 3, 1956.
Permission
(Reusing this file)

PD-PRE1978.

  • The photo has no copyright markings on it as can be seen in the links above (also see original upload).
  • It was created for publicity purposes-distribution to the media. The image was meant to bring attention and publicity for the personalities pictured, the program/film/production he/she was a part of, and/or the network/studio/producers airing/distributing/producing it.

Film production expert Eve Light Honthaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook, (Focal Press, 2001 p. 211.):

"Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them." (The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook By Nancy E. Wolff, Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.)
Creative Clearance-Publicity photos
"Publicity Photos (star headshots) older publicity stills have usually not been copyrighted and since they have been disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain and therefore there is no necessity to clear them with the studio that produced them (if you can even determine who did)."
  • United States Copyright Office page 2 "Visually Perceptible Copies The notice for visually perceptible copies should contain all three elements described below. They should appear together or in close proximity on the copies.
1 The symbol © (letter C in a circle); the word “Copyright”; or the abbreviation “Copr.”
2 The year of first publication. If the work is a derivative work or a compilation incorporating previously published material, the year date of first publication of the derivative work or compilation is sufficient. Examples of derivative works are translations or dramatizations; an example of a compilation is an anthology. The year may be omitted when a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, with accompanying textual matter, if any, is reproduced in or on greeting cards, postcards, stationery, jewelry, dolls, toys, or useful articles.
3 The name of the copyright owner, an abbreviation by which the name can be recognized, or a generally known alternative designation of owner.1 Example © 2007 Jane Doe.")

Licensing

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in the United States between 1929 and 1977, inclusive, without a copyright notice. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart as well as a detailed definition of "publication" for public art. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.

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File history

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current21:10, 26 August 2012Thumbnail for version as of 21:10, 26 August 2012740 × 938 (276 KB)CrakkerjakkPhoto has been cropped and minimal retouching performed to eliminate the appearance of minor damage to it over the last 50+ years. Previous upload was to establish dating and that there are no copyright marks on the image.
21:09, 26 August 2012Thumbnail for version as of 21:09, 26 August 20121,660 × 2,027 (1.05 MB)Crakkerjakk{{Information |Description=Publicity photo of American entertainer, Ray Bolger promoting his role as the Scarecrow in the 1939 feature film, ''The Wizard of Oz''. |Source=[h...

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